France - Provence

The Provence vineyard stretches across the entire Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur region, east of the Rhône delta. Viticulture is present in the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône, Var, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, and Alpes-Maritimes. The Provençal vineyard does not include that of the southern Côtes-du-Rhône, historically located in Provence. Like Languedoc-Roussillon, it is subject to Mediterranean climatic influence, with very hot summers. However, being close to the Alps and very windy, it can experience severe winter periods.

It was through Provence—specifically through the port of Massalia (Marseille)—that vines were introduced to Gaul around 600 BC by the Greeks of Phocaea (Asia Minor). Later, the bishoprics and abbeys of Provence contributed greatly to the development of vines and wine.

The Provençal vineyard comprises nine AOC and AOP appellations of very varied sizes: the largest, from west to east, are Coteaux-d’Aix-en-Provence, Coteaux-Varois-en-Provence, AOC Pierrevert in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, and the largest in area, Côtes-de-Provence. The latter AOC is quite fragmented, with isolated sections east of Fréjus, along the sea and north of Aubagne, and especially far to the east with the small vineyard of Villars-sur-Var in the Alpes-Maritimes. The smaller appellations are Coteaux-d’Aix-en-Provence-Les Baux-de-Provence (with AOP Vallée-des-Baux-de-Provence and IGP Alpilles), the tiny AOC Palette near Aix-en-Provence, Cassis, Bandol, and, around Nice, the small Bellet vineyard, which is not in Provence but in the County of Nice. This entire area is subdivided into numerous IGPs (Protected Geographical Indications).
Provence wines can be red, white, or rosé, but rosé wine holds a significant place here, which is a regional particularity. Each AOC/AOP has quite differentiated soils and grape varieties, but throughout the region, one finds limestone and clay-limestone soils, schists, sandstones, red clays, and clay-sandy soils. The main grape varieties have much in common with those of Languedoc—Syrah, Grenache, Cinsault, Mourvèdre, and Carignan for red wines; Clairette, Grenache Blanc, and Ugni Blanc for white wines—but Provence also uses more specific local grape varieties such as Counoise, Bourboulenc, Tibouren, Braquet, Folle Noire, Manosquin, Castet, or Barbaroux for reds, and for whites, Rolle (Vermentino), Terret Bourret, Marsanne, Doucillon, Picpoul, Pascal, Aragnan, Colombard, Mayorquin, Spagnol…

Diversified by their terroirs, Provence wines are also diverse in tasting. One finds dark, fleshy, and robust reds like those of Alpilles and Bandol, as well as supple and delicate reds like those of Palette, Coteaux-d’Aix, Villars-sur-Var, or Bellet. The rosés, more or less colored, are aromatic and fresh, as are the whites, which can be of spectacular quality like those of Palette, Bellet, Cassis, Bandol, or Coteaux-d’Aix.
What are the different types of Provence wines?
Provence produces all types of wines. Dry wines predominate; there are no AOC or IGP for natural sweet wines. Red wines can be full-bodied, fleshy, or lighter, but they are always structured and suitable for more or less long aging. Famous red wines are made in Bandol, Palette, and the Alpilles (Coteaux-des-Baux-de-Provence). Rosé wines are quite numerous in the main appellations, but especially in Côtes-de-Provence, Bandol, and Bellet. These are saignée rosés (obtained by drawing off red grape must during maceration), much appreciated in summer. White wines are fresh and aromatic, floral and fruity, with a little richness and roundness. They perfectly accompany fish, seafood, and Mediterranean cuisine. The Cassis and Bellet appellations are primarily dedicated to them. What are the main wine regions and regional appellations of Provence?
From west to east, one finds Coteaux-d’Aix-en-Provence, with its small satellite appellations of Alpilles, Baux-de-Provence, and Palette. In the center is the Coteaux-Varois-en-Provence region, surrounded by the small appellations of Cassis and Bandol. To the east is the large Côtes-de-Provence region, which extends to the sea. The Pierrevert region (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence), to the north, is a recent AOP (1998) that was previously a VDQS (Vin délimité de qualité supérieure) appellation.
How to choose a Provence wine?
If you want a full-bodied, structured red wine for long aging, suitable for red meats or cold cuts, choose an Alpilles wine, a Coteaux-d’Aix-en-Provence, or a Bandol red. This character can also be found in appellations such as Coteaux-Varois-en-Provence or Côtes-de-Provence.

If you prefer a supple and refreshing red wine, look in the Coteaux-Varois or smaller appellations such as Bellet, Villars-sur-Var, or Coteaux-d’Aix.

Looking for a rosé wine? A Côtes-de-Provence, a Cassis rosé, a Bandol, or a Bellet will delight you. Don't forget that there are very beautiful rosés in other Provençal appellations. And don't forget to pay attention to quality: for a long time, if Provence "bled the vines," it was generally to make rosés. Now, excellent Provençal rosés can be found, the best of course being natural rosé!

A very good wine can be found in any Provençal appellation, but one first thinks of Cassis, which mainly produces whites. Also think of Palette white—a very great cru—and the delicious Bellet white, despite its rarity. Wines from the Provençal coast in the Côtes-de-Provence appellation, for example, wines from the Bay of Saint-Tropez, are also worth seeking out.

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The Rosé Rosé 2022
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The Rosé Rosé 2022

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Les Poupettes Red 2022

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Red Mother Earth 2020
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Lou Dilun Red 2021
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Terre Mere Red 2021
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